# Changing our Understanding of Health: answers and explanations

Cambridge IELTS 2, Test 1, Reading Passage 2

Source: Passage, questions and answer key from Cambridge IELTS 2, Test 1, Reading Passage 2. © Cambridge University Press & Assessment. Used for educational practice. Explanations and evidence notes are written by Testmigo.

## Answer key

| Q | Answer | Proof |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 14 | viii | Health in this sense has been defined as the absence of disease or illness and is seen in medical terms. |
| 15 | ii | Health and the person were seen more holistically (mind / body / spirit) and not just in physical terms. |
| 16 | iv | While this individualistic healthy lifestyles approach to health worked for some |
| 17 | ix | This broad approach to health is called the socio-ecological view of health. |
| 18 | vii | This charter, known as the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, remains as the backbone of health action today. |
| 19 | 1946 | (WHO, 1946) |
| 20 | wealthy | While this individualistic healthy lifestyles approach to health worked for some (the wealthy members of society) |
| 21 | social, economic, environmental | health is being viewed also in terms of the social, economic and environmental contexts in which people live |
| 22 | 1970s | The 1970s was a time of focusing on the prevention of disease and illness by emphasising the importance of the lifestyle and behaviour of the individual. |
| 23 | NOT GIVEN | During this period, there was an emphasis on providing clean water, improved sanitation and housing. |
| 24 | YES | but health promotion programs and policies which would help people maintain healthy behaviours and lifestyles |
| 25 | NO | the creation of health is about much more than encouraging healthy individual behaviours and lifestyles and providing appropriate medical care |
| 26 | NO | remains as the backbone of health action today |
| 27 | NOT GIVEN | where people from 38 countries agreed and declared that: |

## Why these answers are right

**14. viii.** Paragraph B describes the older Western idea of health as the smooth running of the body, defined as the absence of disease and seen in medical terms, with care meaning medical treatment. That matches heading viii, Definition of health in medical terms.

**15. ii.** Paragraph C reports the World Health Organisation's 1946 challenge to the purely physical view, defining health as physical, mental and social well-being and seeing the person as mind, body and spirit. That whole-person view is heading ii, Holistic approach to health.

**16. iv.** Paragraph D explains how the 1970s targeted risky personal behaviors such as smoking and poor diet, used programs to help people keep healthy lifestyles, and then judges how well this individualistic healthy lifestyles approach worked. Heading iv names exactly this approach.

The why and the trap for questions 17 onwards are free with an account on the [answers page](https://testmigo.com/ielts/reading/changing-our-understanding-of-health/answers).

[Practice Changing our Understanding of Health](https://testmigo.com/ielts/reading/changing-our-understanding-of-health)