# Early Childhood Education: answers and explanations

Cambridge IELTS 5, Test 3, Reading Passage 1

Source: Passage, questions and answer key from Cambridge IELTS 5, Test 3, Reading Passage 1. © Cambridge University Press & Assessment. Used for educational practice. Explanations and evidence notes are written by Testmigo.

## Answer key

| Q | Answer | Proof |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | D | They included single-parent and two-parent families, families in which both parents worked, and families with either the mother or father at home. |
| 2 | B | by the age of three, most children have the potential to understand about 1000 words ... Researchers claim that the human personality is formed during the first two years of life |
| 3 | C | It is thought that there are two explanations for this. First, the programme began too late. |
| 4 | E | The results were phenomenal. |
| 5 | B | who represented a cross-section of socio-economic status, age and family configurations |
| 6 | D | Parent resource centres, located in school buildings, offered learning materials for families |
| 7 | A | Despite substantial funding, results have been disappointing. |
| 8 | B | The programme involved trained parent-educators visiting the parents' home |
| 9 | D | A lot of money was poured into it. |
| 10 | C | was supposed to help the children of poorer families succeed in school ... helping children get off to the best possible start in life |
| 11 | TRUE | the children in the programme were significantly more advanced in language development than their peers |
| 12 | FALSE | bore little or no relationship to the measures of achievement and language development |
| 13 | NOT GIVEN | The one factor that was found to affect the child's development was family stress |

## Why these answers are right

**1. D.** You are looking for details of the different family types in a program. Paragraph D says the Missouri pilot had 380 families and then lists them: single-parent and two-parent families, families where both parents worked, and families with one parent at home. That list places this information in D.

**2. B.** This item needs reasons the early years matter. Section B gives them: by three, children can understand about 1000 words, curiosity can be suppressed in years two and three, personality forms in the first two years, and basic learning skills are set by three. So the answer is B.

**3. C.** You need the reasons a program failed. Section C says Headstart's results were disappointing despite heavy funding and gives two explanations: it began too late, when children were already behind, and parents were not involved, as children went home to the same environment. That makes C correct.

The why and the trap for questions 4 onwards are free with an account on the [answers page](https://testmigo.com/ielts/reading/early-childhood-education/answers).

[Practice Early Childhood Education](https://testmigo.com/ielts/reading/early-childhood-education)