# PTE HIW #6: Capuchin Monkey Fairness and...

Highlight Incorrect Words #6 - Level 1 - Feeds Reading + Listening

> You will hear a recording. Below is a transcription of the recording. Some words in the transcription differ from what the speaker(s) said. Please click on the words that are different.

Those clever little monkeys are on strike again. And I don't mean the Writers Guild. No, I'm talking about the tufted whooshing monkeys at Yerkes Primate Research Center. Those headstrong primates have put down their feet--all four of 'em--and refused to work for unfair wages. Their grievances are pennant in the current online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. To examine capuchins' sense of fairness, Frans de Waal and his colleagues at Emory University purified a bartering task in which monkeys are given tokens they can then trait for food. Some monkeys get a plain old cucumber slice, others get a coveted grape. What the researchers discovered is that when monkeys who get salad fixins see their friends get fruit, they basically refuse to play anymore. But were the monkeys really reacting to inequity, thinking, "That's not fair. She got a grape and I didn't"? Or were they just being greedy? "I see grapes. I want one." Or maybe they're frustrated. "Last time I got a grape--now this?" The current study whence that the grapeless monkeys indeed consider themselves shortchanged. Tests to see what they might type given an infinite amount of time are on hold until both labor disputes are settled.

## Answer

- whooshing -> capuchin
- pennant -> presented
- purified -> designed
- trait -> exchange
- whence -> suggests

## Explanation

The recording differs from the transcript in 5 places: "whooshing" should be "capuchin"; "pennant" should be "presented"; "purified" should be "designed"; "trait" should be "exchange"; "whence" should be "suggests".

## Hints

- Listen carefully to the specific terms used to describe the monkeys' behavior and the experimental setup.
- The correct words are used in the context of the experiment and the monkeys' reactions to the rewards.

## Transcript

Those clever little monkeys are on strike again. And I don't mean the Writers Guild. No, I'm talking about the tufted capuchin monkeys at Yerkes Primate Research Center. Those headstrong primates have put down their feet--all four of 'em--and refused to work for unfair wages. Their grievances are presented in the current online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. To examine capuchins' sense of fairness, Frans de Waal and his colleagues at Emory University designed a bartering task in which monkeys are given tokens they can then exchange for food. Some monkeys get a plain old cucumber slice, others get a coveted grape. What the researchers discovered is that when monkeys who get salad fixins see their friends get fruit, they basically refuse to play anymore. But were the monkeys really reacting to inequity, thinking, "That's not fair. She got a grape and I didn't"? Or were they just being greedy? "I see grapes. I want one." Or maybe they're frustrated. "Last time I got a grape--now this?" The current study suggests that the grapeless monkeys indeed consider themselves shortchanged. Tests to see what they might type given an infinite amount of time are on hold until both labor disputes are settled.

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